Systematic comparison of digital maturity assessment models

ABSTRACT: Assessing the digital maturity of companies is essential to prepare for digital transformation in the context of Industry 4.0. Several digital maturity assessment models have emerged in the past few years to support this evaluation. One obstacle for companies is the impossibility of easily comparing themselves to one another quantitatively or qualitatively. This paper introduces a new way to compare digital maturity models through a quantitative framework that is compatible with a wide variety of models. Comparisons are performed in the space of the keywords used to characterize key performance indicators (KPIs) that are reverse engineered from the models. The matches are encoded in a keyword matrix that is used to automatically compute the match level of KPI pairs. The framework has been validated on 13 state-of-the-art maturity models whose analysis resulted in the identification of 451 KPIs characterized using 263 keywords structured according to 12 dimensions and 58 subdimensions

Digital maturity models: comparing manual and semi-automatic similarity assessment frameworks

The fourth industrial revolution is forcing companies to define their digital strategy, making it imperative that they assess their digital maturity as a basis for improvements. As a result, a variety of maturity models have emerged. However, it can be difficult to identify which one is most appropriate. This paper introduces a new methodology to compare a manual and a semi automatic framework for assessing the similarity of digital maturity models. It allows identifying the most adequate framework for comparing maturity models. Both frameworks have been designed to identify correspondences between KPIs. The analysis of the matches and the obtained results are then used to tune the semi-automatic framework. The proposed comparison methodology has been validated using two digital maturity models and shows that the semi-automatic framework provides good results in a very efficient manner. Several insights have been derived and will help to develop a new maturity model

Cholinergic modulation of disorder-relevant human defensive behaviour in generalised anxiety disorder

Drugs that are clinically effective against anxiety disorders modulate the innate defensive behaviour of rodents, suggesting these illnesses reflect altered functioning in brain systems that process threat. This hypothesis is supported in humans by the discovery that the intensity of threat-avoidance behaviour is altered by the benzodiazepine anxiolytic lorazepam. However, these studies used healthy human participants, raising questions as to their validity in anxiety disorder patients, as well as their generalisability beyond GABAergic benzodiazepine drugs. BNC210 is a novel negative allosteric modulator of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and we recently used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to show it reduced amygdala responses to fearful faces in generalised anxiety disorder patients. Here we report the effect of BNC210 on the intensity of threat-avoidance behaviour in 21 female GAD patients from the same cohort. We used the Joystick Operated Runway Task as our behavioural measure, which is a computerised human translation of the Mouse Defense Test Battery, and the Spielberger state anxiety inventory as our measure of state affect. Using a repeated-measures, within-subjects design we assessed the effect of BNC210 at two dose levels versus placebo (300 mg and 2000 mg) upon two types of threat-avoidance behaviour (Flight Intensity and Risk Assessment Intensity). We also tested the effects of 1.5 mg of the benzodiazepine lorazepam as an active control. BNC210 significantly reduced Flight Intensity relative to placebo and the low dose of BNC210 also significantly reduced self-reported state anxiety. Risk Assessment Intensity was not significantly affected. Results show both human defensive behaviour and state anxiety are influenced by cholinergic neurotransmission and there provide converging evidence that this system has potential as a novel target for anxiolytic pharmacotherapy

Detection of delirium by nurses among long-term care residents with dementia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Delirium is a prevalent problem in long-term care (LTC) facilities where advanced age and cognitive impairment represent two important risk factors for this condition. Delirium is associated with numerous negative outcomes including increased morbidity and mortality. Despite its clinical importance, delirium often goes unrecognized by nurses. Although rates of nurse-detected delirium have been studied among hospitalized older patients, this issue has been largely neglected among demented older residents in LTC settings. The goals of this study were to determine detection rates of delirium and delirium symptoms by nurses among elderly residents with dementia and to identify factors associated with undetected cases of delirium.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this prospective study (N = 156), nurse ratings of delirium were compared to researcher ratings of delirium. This procedure was repeated for 6 delirium symptoms. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were computed. Logistic regressions were conducted to identify factors associated with delirium that is undetected by nurses.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Despite a high prevalence of delirium in this cohort (71.5%), nurses were able to detect the delirium in only a minority of cases (13%). Of the 134 residents not identified by nurses as having delirium, only 29.9% of them were correctly classified. Detection rates for the 6 delirium symptoms varied between 39.1% and 58.1%, indicating an overall under-recognition of symptoms of delirium. Only the age of the residents (≥ 85 yrs) was associated with undetected delirium (OR: 4.1; 90% CI: [1.5–11.0]).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Detection of delirium is a major issue for nurses that clearly needs to be addressed. Strategies to improve recognition of delirium could result in a reduction of adverse outcomes for this very vulnerable population.</p

Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height

Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with ~700 common associated variants identified so far through genome - wide association studies . Here , we report 83 height - associated coding variants with lower minor allele frequenc ies ( range of 0.1 - 4.8% ) and effects of up to 2 16 cm /allele ( e.g. in IHH , STC2 , AR and CRISPLD2 ) , >10 times the average effect of common variants . In functional follow - up studies, rare height - increasing alleles of STC2 (+1 - 2 cm/allele) compromise d proteolytic inhibition of PAPP - A and increased cleavage of IGFBP - 4 in vitro , resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin - like growth factors . The se 83 height - associated variants overlap genes mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates ( e.g. ADAMTS3, IL11RA, NOX4 ) and pathways ( e.g . proteoglycan/ glycosaminoglycan synthesis ) involved in growth . Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low - frequency variants of moderate to large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes , and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways

Methodes d'etudes des substances psychotropes chez le sujet volontaire sain

SIGLEINIST T 76857 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Normes comptables et création de valeur

Accounting Standards and Value Creation. This paper describes briefly the different methods which are currently utilized in practice to assess the creation of value by reporting entities, and the recommendations which have been published by the stock market regulatory authority to improve the transparency and the accuracy of the methods used by issuers to communicate such financial information to the investors. It then discusses the benefits of an internationalization of accounting standards for a better comparability of the measure of value created by different entities . The paper acknowledges the inherent limitations of current accounting standards for a complete depiction of the market value of an entity, in particular their shortcomings with regards to internally generated intangible assets. Classification JEL : G21, G24, G28, G32.Cet article passe en revue les différentes approches de la création de valeur qui ont été développées par les praticiens de la finance, et les recommandations formulées par le régulateur du marché financier pour assurer la transparence et la rigueur méthodologique de telles communications au marché. Dans la mesure où ces indicateurs reposent sur des informations de nature comptable, l’article discute les mérites d’une harmonisation internationale des normes qui régissent la mesure et la présentation des transactions économiques. Il explique les limites actuelles de la comptabilité face à la complexité de l’appréciation de la valeur d’une entreprise, en particulier s’agissant des actifs incorporels. Classification JEL : G12, M41, M48.Danjou Philippe. Normes comptables et création de valeur. In: Revue d'économie financière, n°106, 2012. Système financier et création de valeur. pp. 205-225